Outliers, by Malcolm Gladwell is a non-fiction book that examines the underlying factors of success. Through a series of anecdotes, comparisons, and studies, individual merit begins to fade into the background as overlooked opportunities are unveiled. The theme of nature versus nurture carries itself throughout the book as innate intelligence and cultural legacies are examined. Looking inwards, a new narrative surfaces that paints success as a combination of unforeseen factors rather than inborn fate. The gist of each chapter boils down to presenting numerous facts and analyzing stories in a methodical manner. In doing so within logical bounds, Gladwell successfully strung numerous accounts together that, as a whole, added up to be solidly convincing. By the last page, readers can be left with the curiosity of what factors have played into their own story to get them to where they are now.
I would recommend this book because it provides a fresh perspective into success. We hear and glorify success stories as an unattainable standard one cannot obtain for themselves. However, I feel that this book effectively breaks this narrative. In addition to studies, Gladwell dissects famous success stories such as that of The Beatles and Bill Gates, then provides a plethora of evidence that lets us compare otherwise overlooked aspects. He emphasizes that being successful individually is not as it seems, rather the help of others or outside arbitrary forces may be at play. Overall, the book provides a greater understanding in our position in the world, allowing us to question the embedded advantages or disadvantages in ourselves and others.
Five trivia questions (and answers):
- What is the Matthew Effect? Success is cumulative. Basically, those who are successful are more likely to be given opportunities that lead to more success (p. 30).
- According to Gladwell, how many hours does it take to master something? 10,000 hours (p. 39).
- What did Joe Flom specialize in? Corporate takeovers (p. 126).
- What did Korean Air do to recognize their cultural legacy? Why? Have English as their standard language.To reduce the high-power distance (p. 217).
- What two things happened to Oppenheimer after he tried to poison his tutor? He was put on probation and had to attend sessions with a psychiatrist (p. 98).
Discussion questions:
- What are some cultural legacies you observe in your everyday life? How do they compare to Gladwell’s examples?
- Are you the benefactor of any advantages or disadvantages? How have these opportunities or lack thereof impacted your life?
- Would you want there to be more successful people? Why or why not?